Word: marwan
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...churches, closing their western entrances, opening new doors to the north, and praying facing south across the aisles toward Mecca. A few decades later, Moslem caliphs began to raise the first authentic mosques, blending Byzantine and Persian architecture, and in 691 A.D. the Caliph of Damascus, Abdul Malik Ibn Marwan, completed the great shrine called the Dome of the Rock...
Sacred to Jews, Christians and Moslems alike, the rock has rarely lacked a noble covering. The present dome dates back to the great edifice erected by Abdul-Malek Ibn Marwan, Caliph of Damascus, in 691, who used up seven years' tax revenue from Egypt to realize his dream. In 1099, crusaders mounted a gold cross on the dome and turned it into a church. Later, Saladin Avon it back for Islam, lovingly coated the interior arches with mosaic, the walls with marble. Suleiman the Magnificent ordered the exterior walls covered with splendid blue tiles...