Word: marxes
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...enormous bronze bust in London's sprawling Highgate Cemetery formed a pitifully small cluster. Nor did the perfunctory graveside eulogies give the full measure of the man they were meant to honor. Perhaps no ceremony could truly convey the sheer magnitude of the political and social upheaval Karl Marx's writings have wrought around the world. Still, few disciples of the German theoretician of Communism seemed to know last week just how to observe the 100th anniversary of his death...
Custodians of the Marx memorial were relieved that no fanatic felt driven to pry the philosopher's bearded bust off its granite pedestal, smear it with paint, or try to chisel off the nose, as had happened in the past. Throughout the day, Communist representatives from a number of countries trooped by the monument to lay bouquets of red carnations, tulips and daffodils. "Homage from the Chilean Trade Union Congress," read one card. Another floral tribute was presented "on behalf of the Marxist-Leninists in Bangladesh who cannot be here." Many residents of the city in which Marx spent...
...avoided the topic, concentrating instead on the achievements of his first 100 days in office. French President François Mitterrand had nothing to say on the occasion, although his Communist partners took the typically Gallic step of convening an international symposium at the University of Paris to discuss Marx's writings...
...leaders of ruling Communist parties did little more than pay lip service to Marx. Speaking under an enormous portrait of the man, Chinese Party Secretary Hu Yaobang praised Marx as "the most outstanding revolutionary and scientist in human history," then devoted the rest of his 90-minute address to promoting Peking's pragmatic approach to reform. Soviet Party Chief Yuri Andropov contributed an anniversary article to the journal Kommunist last month, lauding Marx as "a great practical revolutionary." His own views on the need for workers to be thrifty and responsible had a curiously capitalist ring. Maverick Rumania marked...
Some followers of Marx mixed praise for their mentor with scathing criticism of wayward comrades. In a special section of the Italian Communist daily L'Unita, Party Leader Enrico Berlinguer sounded off against countries that "reduce the grand, living lessons of Marx to an ideological credo," a pointed reference to the Soviet Union. Viet Nam took China to task in a lengthy commentary on the "Great Teacher of Proletarian Revolution," published in the government daily Nhan Dan. Among other charges, the newspaper claimed that Peking's independent Communist line "negates the universal principles of Marxism-Leninism...