Word: marxist
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...setting did it full justice. On a remote strip of bush along the border between their two countries, with the Lebombo mountains as a backdrop and hippos snorting in the nearby Nkomati River, Prime Minister P.W. Botha of apartheid South Africa and President Samora Machel of black-ruled, Marxist Mozambique last week sat down together for the first time and faced something other than the prospect of killing. As a crowd of 1,000, including representatives of black African states, watched from the tiers of a hastily constructed grandstand near the border town of Komatipoort, Botha and Machel bent over...
...supervised elections, have become deadlocked. The problem was a demand by South Africa and the U.S. that the elections be linked to the withdrawal of some 25,000 Cuban troops and advisers long based in Angola for the purpose of propping up that country's fragile Marxist regime...
...combatants ready to think about peace. After serving for so long as a base for the sabotage attacks on South African targets by the militant African National Congress, Mozambique increasingly feared retaliation by South Africa; on top of that, the country had been weakened by a severe drought. Marxist Angola, under siege by UNITA, saw the wisdom of compromise following consistently heavy losses during South African raids. But South Africa, too, has been drained by constant war. Namibia alone costs South Africa $1 billion annually, some 6% of the national budget. The continuing toll of casualties has dismayed the public...
...Christianity best serve as an effective advocate for the world's poor and oppressed? One answer is a movement known as "liberation theology." Its proponents, who view history in Marxist terms, work to raise the consciousness of the downtrodden in what they see as a class struggle. A fringe element has even flirted with revolutionary violence. Developed in the late 1960s among Latin American Roman Catholics, liberation theology has spread with increasing force throughout the Third World, as well as among leftist Catholic and Protestant circles in Europe and North America...
John Paul's speeches have warned against the advocacy of violence for social change, and against trying to build social action on a Marxist foundation. Cardinal Ratzinger goes further, identifying liberation theology as a serious doctrinal error. Ratzinger concedes that the movement might never have arisen if the church had been more aggressive in attacking oppression. However, he firmly rejects the approach of liberation theologians who, he says, use Marxism to interpret the Bible in their own way and who believe they can adopt Marxism's techniques without its atheism. He accuses such writer-priests as Gustavo Gutierrez...