Word: marxistes
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Deng's sweeping vision for China is all the more remarkable for his lack of intellectual pretense. Unlike the late Mao Tse-tung, his mentor and eventual nemesis, Deng has never claimed to be either a scholar or a Marxist theoretician. Nor does he possess the studied mandarin sophistication of the late Premier Chou En-lai, another longtime comrade-in-arms. Not that Deng lacks for a keen intelligence or a world view. But what he has consistently sought to impose is a preference for gradual rather than sudden change and for pragmatism over doctrine. In discussing China's second...
Deng's increasingly leftist ideas quickly brought him into contact with radical politics. Like many other Chinese students in France, he joined the French Communist Party, where he learned basic Marxist theory as well as the Internationale. (The Chinese Communist Party was not founded until 1921.) Later, as a member of the Chinese Socialist Youth League in France, Deng was assigned to mimeograph its journal, Red Light, a task he performed with such zeal that his fellow activists nicknamed him "Doctor of Mimeography...
...Deng left France to study at Moscow's newly established Sun Yat-sen University. He and other Chinese students attended classes in Marxist social evolution, the history of revolutions and basic military training. Among heroes of the Russian Revolution who came to visit were Leon Trotsky and Nikolai Bukharin. Whether or not it made an impression at the time, Deng's six-month stay coincided with the end of Lenin's New Economic Policy, which included a return to some private agricultural production and denationalization of much small-scale industry...
...theory, it is the very model of a modern Marxist enterprise. Yugoslavia's clangorous Red Banner auto plant is located in a sprawling industrial park some 85 miles south of Belgrade. Inside a vast assembly hall, 16,000 workers turn out about 220,000 cars a year, including 55,000 copies of the small, ultra-cheap Yugo, the only Communist-built car sold in the U.S. Amid the factory hubbub, Radojko Suljagic, a department manager, extols the 78-member workers' council that ostensibly controls Red Banner. The elective body, of which Suljagic is president, not only chooses factory management...
...Marxist theory and practice differ widely in Yugoslavia, in ways that were probably never foreseen by the regime's founder, the late Josip Broz Tito. In 1950, Tito began to create "different forms of socialism" for his Communist nation. In his plan, the country would openly look to the West for trade and inspiration. Today, 800,000 Yugoslavs live in Western Europe, mostly West Germany, as guest workers, while their countrymen are also free to travel to the West, and openly aspire to a Western style of living. Says Zoran Mandic, 23, a clerk in a Belgrade bookstore: "Compared...