Word: masers
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Both Kistiakowsky and Charles H. Townes, provost of M.I.T. stressed the importance of a level-headed attitude towards science and technology. "One seems to be able to do almost anything," said Townes, who invented the laser and the maser. "We must not let space and other scientific exploration be limited by lack of foresight...
Wednesday, January 15 CHRONICLE (CBS, 7:30-8:30 p.m.).* The major scientific breakthroughs since 1948 discussed by Astronomer Gart Wester-hout, Maser Inventor Charles H. Townes, Geologist Bruce Heezen, Nobel-Prizewinning Physicist Chen Ning Yang, Nobel-Prizewinning Biochemist Severe Ochoa and Scientific American Publisher Gerard Piel...
...years, electronics has leaped from the vacuum tube to the transistor to the maser and laser. In less than a generation, aircraft engineering has jumped from piston to jet to rocket and next to nuclear propulsion. So fast is all technology moving these days that by one estimate new engineering graduates can expect a professional "half life" of only about ten years. Half of what they now know will be obsolete in 1973, and only half of what they will need to know is available to them at this time...
...MASERS. "Another important application of solid-state physics, the optical maser...
...come from Bell Laboratories. The principle of atoms being raised to excited states by absorption of radiation, and subsequently being stimulated by radiation to give out their stored energy, has been known in science for a very long time. The maser consists of a synthetic ruby crystal containing chromium ions which can absorb and store light in excited states of the chromium atoms. After a time the stored energy is emitted in a powerful short flash, which in some cases has reached the, equivalent of 1,000 kilowatts in intensity. Already this has been used to illuminate an area...