Word: mask
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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Besides learning how to battle fires, the Auxiliary is given a complete training in actual rescue work. Beyond the fundamentals of first-aid he finds out how to use a resuscitator and how to carry unconscious victims through smoke-filled building, supplied only with a smoke mask, and down Pompeii (sealing) ladders...
...indeed will be any civilian exposed to mustard gas while wearing a pair of rubber panties for a gas mask [TIME, Sept. 7]. The average rubber pant is of similar thickness to a surgeon's rubber glove; it is well known that these gloves become dangerous to wear after 15 minutes' exposure to mustard-gas vapor. This particular grade of rubber is not only an inadequate protection but even accentuates mustard-gas burns as well as permanently contaminating the rubber itself. Mustard gas is soluble in rubber and a droplet that would produce only a small blister...
...lime will stop the vapors of all war gases . . . from going through the orifice of the tin can, but it will not stop damage to the skin, eyes, lungs by the mustard-gas vapor that goes through the rubber. The fact that rubberized fabric is used in military gas masks has probably served for the foundation of the A.W.V.S. fallacy. But the gas mask is of an entirely different grade of rubber and is quite thick in comparison to rubber underwear...
When carefully made, this improvised gas mask is effective against all known war gases. But the A.W.V.S. and the War Department are leary of inexperienced workmanship. The least carelessness in fitting the parts of the gas mask together would permit gas to enter. The A.W.V.S. recommends that all such masks be made under its supervision...
...even simpler mask is advocated by Dr. Kearney Sauer of the Los Angeles Citizens' Defense Corps: two twelve-inch squares of bed sheeting with a quarter-inch layer of baking soda between, held in even distribution by crisscross stitching. Dampened and held firmly over the face, this napkin will give temporary protection against any gas, according to Dr. Sauer-but not the Army...