Word: massilia
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Paris could scarcely have been more than a tribal village when Phoenician sailors established Massilia on the southern coast of France during the 6th century B.C. So strong were the Massilians and the fortifications they built that not until Caesar laid extended siege to Massilia in 49 B.C. did the city's streets clink to the armor of invaders. Subsequently Romanized, then later buried for centuries beneath the foundations of what became the port of Marseille, the fortifications were unearthed this summer when contractors began excavations for three high-rise commercial buildings, a cultural center...
...archaeologists on hand were Professors Maurice Euzennat, 40, who also serves as director of antiquities of Provence and Corsica for French Minister of Culture André Malraux, and 30-year-old François Salviat. As the power shovels bit into the rocky grey soil, more and more of Massilia's fortifications began to appear. To Euzennat, it soon became apparent that a greater expanse of ramparts remained intact than anyone had estimated when fragments were unearthed earlier in the century. Moreover, the walls were definitely Greek rather than Roman, and far more important historically...
...Mediterranean came the first news about the Arctic. In about 330 B.C., when Alexander the Great was marching on India and Aristotle was lecturing to his classes, Pytheas, a native of the Greek colony of Massilia (Marseille), sailed out through the Pillars of Hercules and turned north. After discovering Britain, he pushed on-to the Orkneys, to the Shetlands, perhaps even to Iceland. Then, like thousands after him in the next 2,200 years, Pytheas the Greek was halted by a dense world of ice. His account of his six years' voyage was later dismissed as balderdash...
...Daladier, Mandel, Campinchi and Delbos had fled from Bordeaux on June 20 on the steamer Massilia, a few days before armistice agreements were concluded with Germany and Italy. Reaching Casablanca, they were held on their ship by Moroccan authorities acting on orders from Bordeaux, to await the Petain Government's decision. In Marseille last week to stand trial, sagging-jawed Daladier and his fellow scapegoats learned that they were the principal victims of a new Government decree withdrawing citizenship and confiscating the property of all citizens who left French territory between May 10 and June 30 without a valid...
...would continue to be held, his crack Moroccan armies continue to fight. When Edouard Daladier arrived at Casablanca to argue with him, General Noguès, who served under the late, great Marshal Lyautey in building France's African Empire, arrested M. Daladier, kept him aboard his steamer Massilia guarded by Senegalese troopers. Off Casablanca lay six French cruisers, 21 submarines, 20 trawlers and minesweepers, 60 tankers and other vessels; also the incomplete new battleship Jean Bart, towed down from Brest with only four forward guns mounted. These, too, were to defend French North Africa...