Word: maying
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Saxe's research suggests a mechanism by which opioids may affect PTSD risk. Trauma researchers have long known that social support is critical for recovery from PTSD, and that the brain's natural opioids are involved in feelings of nurture and bonding. Saxe found that the pediatric patients in the hospital who had the most anxiety about being away from their families were also the most likely to develop PTSD, but in those treated with opioids for pain, the risk was reduced. "The pathway was opioid dose reducing separation anxiety, and reduced separation anxiety reducing PTSD," says Saxe. (See pictures...
...because the how-tos in the treatment of chronic pain are much murkier, research suggests that still only a fraction of such patients receive the medication they need. While in some cases, doctors are using these powerful drugs too often, in others, concerns about misuse may have caused pain patients to suffer unnecessarily. "There is both overprescribing and underprescribing," says Volkow, who notes that, for instance, many dentists give opioids like Percoset too freely to teenagers after surgical procedures; in contrast, "you have individuals with very severe pain who are not given opioids or who are given doses that...
That in turn suggests that if we keep pouring CO2 into the atmosphere and warm the globe by several degrees, even a successful effort to bring carbon dioxide back down to today's levels may not restore the temperature. "You might," he says, "end up with a different climate...
Additionally, females routinely underestimate their own abilities (which may have its roots as early on as mothers of girls underestimating their infant’s crawling ability) feeding into this avoidance of risk. If a girl believes she is at risk of injury riding a bicycle regardless of her actual skill set, she is likely to grow into a woman who lets her fear of seeming pushy or ungrateful stop her from asking for a raise...
...need to intervene early on in girls’ lives to stop this pattern from developing. By encouraging girls to start taking small risks that may seem trivial, like jumping over a log or sliding backwards down a slide, they will eventually become accustomed to the success that follows, removing the fear that usually accompanies such risks and building confidence that will accompany them into adulthood...