Word: mccloy
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...three-car private diesel train pulled out of suburban Mehlem, five miles south of Bonn, a mixed crowd of Germans and Americans cheered the ruddy-faced American waving from a coach window. John J. McCloy, 57, retiring U.S. High Commissioner for Germany, was on his way home after three long years as proconsul, diplomat and military adviser to the most battered, most divided and most important land in Europe...
...nature of things, no occupier is beloved by the occupied, but John Jay McCloy, Wall Street lawyer and wartime Assistant Secretary of War, had earned the respect of the Germans. Last week the University of Bonn made him an honorary senator. A group of German trade unionists trooped into his Schloss bringing a porcelain figurine for "an understanding friend of the German workers." McCloy went to Berlin to collect an honorary engineering doctorate. Back in Bonn, he attended the 92nd meeting of the Allied High Commission (his British and French colleagues gave him a gold cigarette case). All the time...
Rags to Riches. To most Germans, McCloy's departure, more than the unfinished debate in the Bundestag, symbolized occupation's end.*As he prepared to leave, allied troops, who used to ride free on German trains and buses, began paying their way. McCloy himself, the Germans recognized, had done more than any other man to transform the Bonn Republic from the status of a defeated enemy to the role of a needed friend. As the civilian successor to U.S. Military Governor Lucius D. Clay, McCloy injected $1.15 billion of U.S. economic aid into the emaciated German economy, helped...
...McCloy's toughest assignment was to persuade Chancellor Konrad Adenauer to accept the German Peace Contract and EDC, without which Western Europe would not trust the Germans with arms. When war broke out in Korea, the Pentagon called him home and announced that it wanted a German army within six months. McCloy said no; the development must be slower, else European unity would be imperiled. For weeks of table-thumping debate, McCloy and his sly, dry wit seemed to be everywhere at once: chivvying nervous Frenchmen who feared German rearmament, rebuking truculent Germans who seemed always to want more...
...Iron Curtain refugees brought the cold war to Pforzheim. From on high came a new occupation policy: recruit the Germans as allies. "Our so-called war criminals must be released before we can join the West," objected an ex-Wehrmacht colonel. Lascoe got U.S. High Commissioner John J. McCloy to come down to Pforzheim to talk to the town's leaders at an informal buffet supper (one dish: corn on the cob). They still had misgivings...