Word: meiji
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...women, and the atom bomb to set it going again. The 1923 temblor destroyed 60% of the city, killed 143,000 people and ruined many of Tokyo's upper and middle classes. In its aftermath, the educated daughters of these families (education for women dates from the Meiji Restoration in the 19th century) discarded their kimonos, bobbed their hair, donned Western dress and became sales clerks, elevator operators, bus conductors, teachers, journalists, lawyers, even company presidents. Bluestocking females campaigned furiously for women's suffrage and human rights...
...Japanese traditions that dropped out of sight during the occupation, none seemed to disappear more completely than the zaibatsu, the huge cartels controlled since the Meiji Era (1868-1912) by a handful of great Japanese families. To shatter the economic foundation of Japanese militarism, U.S. authorities split such prominent family combines-Mitsubishi, Mitsui and all the rest -into hundreds of small firms, and the Japanese government itself adopted Western-inspired antitrust laws. But zaibatsu, like many another Japanese tradition, proved tougher than reform. Last week the influence and power of the zaibatsu sprawled once more across the length and breadth...
...plight of Japan's 3,000,000 eta (literally: "very dirty") untouchables. The eta class, also known as hinin (not human), includes most of the Japanese nation's leatherworkers, shoemakers, butchers and slaughterhouse workers. Though the etas were formally abolished as a caste in 1871 under the Meiji Restoration and the word itself was removed from dictionaries, the prejudices that surrounded them survived almost unabated from the days when they were forbidden to pray at village shrines, go outdoors between sundown and sunrise, or marry outside their class...
...middle-aged Japanese couple, who clearly remember the days before Pearl Harbor, their young son's reaction to the historical film Emperor Meiji and the Great Russo-Japanese War was incredible. "Who were all those people?" asked the boy when he got home. "Who was General Nogi? I never heard of him." Fifteen years ago, every pupil would have known about the Japanese commander at Port Arthur. but to the present generation, such national heroes as Nogi might never have existed...
...ones have sprung up. But what might have been an unmixed blessing has brought with it a curse. Last year 5,664 students were arrested for major crimes; of these, one in five came from a university. A sampling of what has been going on: ¶ In December, a Meiji University student stabbed and killed a taxi driver to get money to buy a few drinks. ¶ In February, four more Meiji students beat and robbed another driver...