Word: membership
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...they are innocent of any crime . . . This practice has recently received impressive sanction in the form of an article by Dean Erwin N. Griswold of the Harvard Law School, in which he maintains that a man innocent of any crime may rightfully use the privilege when questioned concerning past membership in the Communist Party...
Griswold: "Persons have been prosecuted under the Smith Act for membership in the Communist Party plus something else. If [the professor] supplies the proof of his own membership in the party, he does not know what other evidence may then be brought against him to show that he has committed a crime...
...Dean Griswold's statement of the basis for Smith Act prosecutions is remarkable in its apportionment of emphasis. The Smith Act forbids attempts to overthrow the Government by force. It makes no reference to the Communist Party and was, in fact, first invoked, to Communist enthusiasm, against Trotzkyites . . . Membership and office in the party are expressly declared by the Internal Security Act of 1950 not to constitute a violation of any criminal statute...
...Church membership in the U.S. climbed to a record 97,482,611 in 1954, a gain of 2,639,766 over 1953, according to the Yearbook of American Churches. Today 60.3% of all Americans are members of religious bodies...
...Membership in Lutheran churches of the U.S. and Canada increased by 248,840 last year, to reach a new high of 7,117,906, the National Lutheran Council reported. Area of greatest growth: the powerful (2,001,135) Missouri Synod, which gained 84,625 baptized members...