Word: merit
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Schultes said the museum will send 25 flowers selected on the basis of their artistic merit as well as their familiarity to native New Yorkers...
Many of the arguments in Commentary claimed that hard-fought principles of merit-hiring would be destroyed by affirmative action's systems of goals and timetables. Writers like Paul Seabury and Alexander Bickel, complained that affirmative action represented the abandonment of the supposedly American value: "to each according to his ability." But running subtlely through the more learned arguments and less subtlely in others, were twin elements: fear and anger...
...rather than attacks based on empirical data, they have been easily parried. The best recent counter-argument to those extolling meritocracy appeared in the briefs supporting the University of Washington against Marco DeFunis in 1974. Many briefs contended that very few hiring and admissions decisions are based solely on merit--and that race could play just as much a role as old boy networks, family ties, and patronage--and other distortions of the supposed meritocracy...
Both operate on the same premise as the earlier Commentary critiques: they would favor reverting to the affirmative action of the 60's, when firms were asked to expand pools but no minorities or women would receive advantages in hiring. But rather than base their arguments on merit values or on the bootstrap philosophy, these accounts assert that things are much better for black people than government bureaucracies care to imagine. For Glazer, the struggle is over, the redneck racists are gone; the cry of institutional racism becomes the refuge and protector of the incompetent woman or minority...
...Boone made it. So did Atheist Madalyn Murray O'Hair. But the first edition of Who's Who in Religion published by Marquis Who's Who, Inc., seemed most notable for the names that did not appear in its list of 16,000 people who "demonstrated merit in some form of religious activity." Among those not present: Roman Catholic Bishop Fulton J. Sheen; Unification Church Founder the Rev. Sun Myung Moon; Rabbi Marc Tanenbaum of the American Jewish Committee; and Manhattan Clergyman Norman Vincent Peale, whose "positive thinking" books have sold more than 5 million copies...