Word: method
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...fact, the British broadcasting plan, by which a tax on radio equipment provided a broadcasting fund, was seriously debated for American broadcasting through the spring of 1923. Because of hostilities between radio corporations, such a co-operative plan proved impossible. Only the AT & T commercial toll offered a method by which radio stations could independently finance themselves, and, indeed, accrue profit. Two years later, advertising agencies paid performers high salaries, broadcasting was a national institution, and wavelength competition was cut-throat. Says Barnouw: "The crisis atmosphere...engulfed radio broadcasting in the mid-1920's. (It stemmed from) small v. powerful...
...resolutions; proposed amendments to the Communications Act." Little came of FCC action, except when a commissioner's interests were the same as a manufacturer's. When RCA developed a color set it claimed compatible with its black-and-white TV sets, it was quickly accepted over a CBS color method which was purportedly superior. In October of 1947, Charles Denny, who had presided over the pro-RCA hearings, became NBC vice-president and general counsel...
...through "behavioral technology," a developing science of control that aims to change the environment rather than people, that seeks to alter actions rather than feelings, and that shifts the customary psychological emphasis on the world inside men to the world outside them. Central to Skinner's approach is a method of conditioning that has been used with uniform success on laboratory animals: giving rewards to mold the subject to the experimenter's will. According to Skinner and his followers, the same technique can be made to work equally well with human beings...
Underlying the method is the Skinnerian conviction that behavior is determined not from within but from without. "Unable to understand how or why the person we see behaves as he does, we attribute his behavior to a person inside," Skinner explains. Mistakenly, we believe that man "initiates, originates and creates, and in doing so he remains, as he was for the Greeks, divine. We say that he is autonomous." But Skinner insists that autonomy is a myth, and that belief in an "inner man" is a superstition that originated, like belief in God, in man's inability to understand...
...Kaback, an assistant professor of pediatrics at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and Dr. Robert Zeiger of the National Cancer Institute. Says Kaback: "A successful genetic counseling program requires three things. First, the population at risk must be easily identifiable. Second, there must be a simple, inexpensive method of detecting carriers of the disease. Third, there must be a means of diagnosing the disease in utero." Many diseases meet two of the three criteria. Tay-Sachs is the only disease that meets all three...