Word: methodism
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...nearly the only splinter leader available for that purpose. He is also a symbol of a particular type of Palestinian: the generation that grew up in refugee camps, became guerrillas in early manhood, and never accepted any goal but the establishment of a full-fledged Palestinian state, or any method of achieving it except armed struggle. He is not an especially appealing symbol. Abbas usually dresses in fatigues and dark sunglasses and sports a bushy mustache, but his powerfully built body is turning to fat. He nervously chain-smokes cigarettes and has a reputation as a woman chaser...
...rate among bilingual students, most of whom are Hispanic. Critics cite inefficient use of funds and the lack of dramatic results as justification for their eradication. They call for a return to the "submersion style" of language instruction, in which all courses are taught in English. Under this method, it is assumed that the students "submerged" in the language will eventually master it. It is also assumed that they will be able to pick up any instruction already lost...
Bilingual education is the only means of effectively improving the academic performance of non-English speaking students. It legitimizes their academic studies, rather than reducing them to vocational language training. Unlike the submersion method, bilingual instruction does not regard a student's non-English training as a hearing and speech impediment easily overcome...
Scientists, however, have been making remarkable progress in a technique that can sharply focus their search for a desired gene. Known as restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), the method relies on enzymes that slice DNA in distinctive patterns; families with a history of a genetic disease will tend to have similar configurations, permitting scientists to zero in on the likeliest site of the offending gene. In recent weeks biologists have announced the discovery of RFLP distinctive patterns, or "markers," for cystic fibrosis, which afflicts about 30,000 Americans; cardiovascular disease susceptibility; polycystic kidney disease; and muscular dystrophy. Says Manuel Buchwald...
Other objections to testing include the claim that it is used mostly as a way to control subordinates, while higher executives are rarely tested. And there are many complaints about faulty screening. For urinalysis, a test called Emit (Enzyme Multiplied Immunoassay Test) is the method most commonly used to detect drugs. Though its manufacturer, the Syva Co., describes it as 97% to 99% accurate, critics say it is far less reliable in practice, in part because samples are not always properly stored or handled by lab personnel. "From the point of view of analytical chemistry, these Emit tests are unacceptable...