Word: metrical
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...emissions and income distribution from each country to estimate the emissions of individuals in each nation. For example, Australia and France have similar income levels - but because Australia uses more carbon-heavy fuels like coal, there are more Australians than French producing high levels of carbon emissions (above 10 metric tons of CO2 a year). The researchers then compiled those numbers to get a global estimate of how carbon emissions are distributed individually; unsurprisingly, about half of the world's emissions in 2008 came from the planet's 700 million richest people. (See the top 10 green stories...
...greenhouse-gas emissions in 2007 by economic sector, in billions of metric tons...
...speed with which users have extended Twitter's platform points to a larger truth about modern innovation. When we talk about innovation and global competitiveness, we tend to fall back on the easy metric of patents and Ph.D.s. It turns out the U.S. share of both has been in steady decline since peaking in the early '70s. (In 1970, more than 50% of the world's graduate degrees in science and engineering were issued by U.S. universities.) Since the mid-'80s, a long progression of doomsayers have warned that our declining market share in the patents-and-Ph.D.s business...
...sorts of data to determine how the war was going. The emphasis on those numbers led to some commanders' emphasizing killing over winning and to inflated body counts - which often included counting civilian casualties as enemy dead. "The Army's selection of the body count as its primary metric may not only have contributed to losing the war, but in the end it proved so morally corrosive that it led to a crisis of soul-searching in the postwar officer corps," William Murray wrote in 2001 in Parameters, the Army's scholarly journal; it then led to a discrediting...
...were winning if the body count went up and losing if the body count went down." Relying on such numbers distracts from the fact that the outcome of the war is more likely to be determined by the political will on each side. The body count "is not the metric that's appropriate for an insurgency," Rumsfeld said...