Word: mexicanization
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...find TIME correspondent Elaine Shannon covering the ever changing, ever dangerous international narcotics trade from the safety of her Washington office. For this week's story on the growing influence and sophistication of Mexican cartels, Shannon traveled to one of the front lines of the war on drugs: the U.S.-Mexico border town of El Paso, Texas, which has become a prime gateway for drug smugglers. Thanks to an alliance between the Cali cartel of Colombia and alleged Mexican drug lord Amado Carillo Fuentes, Shannon says, "60% of the cocaine shipped to the U.S. now passes through Mexico. In this...
...that was attempting to cross from Mexico into the U.S. He motioned the car over to take a closer look, and the driver leaped out and disappeared down the street. When the El Paso police opened the trunk, they discovered three bodies: those of Josa Munoz Rubalcava, a retired Mexican police official, and his two sons, Alberto, 24, and Casar, 21. Someone had stabbed all three men in the back, trussed them with rope and added a macabre finishing touch to the father's corpse. "[He] had yellow cord tied around the mouth with a bow," says Travis Kuykendall...
...where Carillo lives (somewhere in Chihuahua, they think), when he was born (perhaps 1955), or what he looks like (they have only one photograph), they do know that he is the smoothest, smartest and most powerful of Mexico's drug lords. He is allegedly the leading figure of the "Mexican federation," a loose amalgam of families that has turned Mexico's drug trade into one that rivals Colombia's in its pervasiveness and the danger it poses...
...five identifiable cartels, and U.S. officials say that a power shift seems to be taking place in their ranks. The Garcia Abrego family, the purported leaders of the once dominant Gulf cartel that controls drug trade along Mexico's east coast, have recently received arrest warrants from the Mexican Attorney General's office for an alleged -- but as yet unproved -- connection to the murder of Josa Francisco Ruiz Massieu, the deputy attorney general of the country's ruling political party. The heads of the Tijuana cartel, the Arrellano Falix brothers, have also come under pressure for their suspected role...
Carillo acts as a liaison between Mexican drug traffickers and the Cali cartel of Colombia, which in recent years has come to dominate the cocaine trade worldwide. Following a U.S. clampdown in the 1980s on their shipping routes through Panama and the Caribbean, the Cali bosses began contracting their transportation to Mexican contrabandista families, bootleggers who for generations have specialized in running goods -- whiskey, heroin, blue jeans -- into the U.S. In the system that eventually evolved, the Colombians flew planeloads of cocaine from Colombia into Mexico, then paid the Mexicans to move the goods across the border...