Word: mice
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...rights movement. How many rats have been used in speeches to evoke compassion? Most of the animals we think of in research are primates and rabbits. Yet federal agencies estimate that of the 17 to 22 million animals used in laboratory research, 85 percent of those are rats and mice...
During the summers after my first and sophomore years of high school, I did all kinds of exciting things. I participated in archaeological digs, studied German in a small town in Austria and helped gather data for a study on plant life and mammals (shrews, rats and mice, more specifically--they really are cute, despite what some people may say) on an island off the coast of France. But then I got the strange idea that I had to spend my summers finding out what I might want to do "later...
HANTAVIRUS. In 1993 a six-year drought followed by heavy rains produced a tenfold increase in the population of deer mice in the American Southwest, leading to an outbreak of a deadly form of pulmonary hantavirus. The disease, which first appeared on a Navajo reservation, has since spread to 20 states and killed 45 people, nearly half of those infected...
...enjoyed many measurements and many results. Despite the common myths about science, it was not lonely work. Much of the pleasure came from companionship. Most of our experiments lacked discernable practical goals. We followed our hunches, working with cancer viruses from chickens and mice, supported largely by grants from the NIH. Eventually, over many years, patterns emerged. We had learned that cancer genes in viruses are derived from normal cellular genes--some of the genes that guide our growth and development. These genes, now called oncogenes, undergo the mutations that are the defining events in cancer. Obscure viruses from experimental...
...surprise and even irony. One example was especially instructive. The painful reality of cancer has always loomed in the background of my work, because my mother and her mother died of breast cancer. For this reason, my lab studied for many years a virus that causes breast cancer in mice, in hopes of finding relatives of human breast cancer genes. Ultimately, we discovered interesting genes that guide formation of the brain and other organs. But, in this case, they don't appear to be involved in human cancer of any kind. There is no simple road map for this kind...