Word: miceli
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...researchers tested strains of mice without mast cells and found they were resistant to arthritis...
...when mast cells were reintroduced to some of these mice, they became susceptible to the ailment...
...could for years only be guessed at. The first big breakthrough occurred in 1995, when the Rockefeller's Friedman stunned the scientific world by announcing that he and his colleagues had discovered a hormone produced by fat cells that actually caused fat to melt away, at least in laboratory mice. Genetically engineered mice that lacked the gene for making this hormone developed ravenous appetites and became grossly obese. When these same mice were injected with the missing hormone, they shrugged off a third of the weight they had gained. The researchers dubbed the new hormone leptin, after leptos, which...
Intriguingly, some people seem to be more efficient at thermogenesis than others. Researchers led by Dr. Bradford Lowell at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston last month pinpointed three genes that may account for at least some of that variation. Mice that lack the genes, they reported in Science, grow grossly obese when fed a high-calorie diet enriched with fat and sucrose. By contrast, normal mice fed the same diet gain very modest amounts of weight...
...DUTY Researchers may have uncovered an inventive way of both battling anthrax and detecting its microscopic spores. By studying a virus that can invade and attack the anthrax bacillus, scientists isolated an enzyme, called lysin, that breaks apart the cell's walls, causing it to die. Early work in mice looks promising, though any potential drug based on this discovery would have to be administered immediately after exposure, before the anthrax germ had released its toxins. In addition, scientists have found that lysin could be a useful tool for picking up the presence of even trace amounts of anthrax...