Word: miceli
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Varminters argue that they help farmers and ranchers by killing pests that would otherwise die slowly from traps or poison. The V.H.A.'s president, Ned Kalbfleish, 50, says his critics are hypocrites who don't mind trapping mice or spraying roaches and yet threaten him with violence for stalking a creature he calls "the prairie rat." A Vietnam veteran and computer-systems analyst, Kalbfleish insists no amount of shooting can wipe out thriving prairie-dog populations, and he brands as "bad science" the Federal Government's efforts to list the creature as endangered...
Then, last year, the Amyloid People staged a surprise attack. First, researchers at Elan Pharmaceuticals of South San Francisco stunned their colleagues by reporting that they had taken mice genetically engineered to develop plaques and vaccinated them with a fragment of beta amyloid. Twelve months later, seven out of nine mice remained plaque free. Then the Elan team vaccinated year-old mice whose brains were riddled with plaques. Result: the plaques started to melt away. Elan quickly drew up plans to test the vaccine in humans...
...question we still need to resolve," muses neurogeneticist John Hardy of the Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville, Fla., "is, What is the relationship between beta amyloid and tau?" That is why Hardy and others are so excited by the new strain of transgenic mice that scientists are breeding. By crossing mice that develop tangles with mice that develop plaques, they should finally be able to provide scientists with a research tool they've sorely lacked: lab animals that closely approximate the disease in humans...
...risk factors, which means that lifestyle choices may prove to be equally important. A number of researchers, for example, believe that elevated cholesterol may contribute not only to heart disease but to Alzheimer's disease as well. Researchers at New York University's Nathan Kline Institute put transgenic mice on high-fat diets, then observed an increase in the rate at which beta amyloid built up in their brains. When they gave the mice a drug that brought cholesterol down, the rate of accumulation slowed...
...most straightforward approach to fighting Alzheimer's plaques is to target their main ingredient, a protein called beta amyloid. Last summer scientists from Elan Pharmaceuticals, a biotech firm located in Ireland, reported that they had developed a vaccine that could shrink the plaques--at least in mice. Here the idea is to prime the immune system to treat amyloid proteins just as it would any foreign invader and target them for destruction. The concept is somewhat counterintuitive, since most researchers believe that at least part of the damage in Alzheimer's disease is caused by the immune system's overreaction...