Word: miceli
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...term health-code violation typically conjures images of germ-sodden hands wrangling the steak tartare or gangs of mice and roaches commandeering the pantry. These are indeed serious problems, but according to the CSPI report, consumers should be more concerned with the risk of unclean food contact or prep surfaces (26% of restaurants committed this violation), which can allow for dangerous cross-contamination between, say, raw meat and fruit. Another big problem: improper holding temperatures (22% of restaurants kept food either not hot enough or not cold enough), which can potentially lead to bacteria festering in poorly cooked food. Inadequate...
Amid the report's stomach-churning details, however, one vote of confidence: Klein still dines out. "You gotta eat," she says. "I take my chances, and look for the obvious signs - like mice or the fact that the water in the bathroom doesn't get hot - that indicate a problem in the back of the house. I mean, if someone has a sloppy living room, chances are, there are dirty dishes in their sink...
...first described by Japanese biologist Shinya Yamanaka, who, in 2007, showed that the introduction of four genes into an adult human skin cell could reprogram it back to an embryonic state (Yamanaka had reported the same achievement in mice the previous year). Like embryonic stem cells, these reprogrammed adult cells could be coaxed into becoming any other type of cell - from skin to nerve to muscle. But researchers questioned whether the new stem cells would behave as predictably or as safely as embryonic stem cells, or whether iPS would consistently yield usable cells. "Our work shows that the original method...
Although the animals' activity levels could not be entirely attributed to genes, researchers calculated that heredity accounted for about 50% of the differences in activity. They also found that activity-promoting genes were dominant traits in 75% of the exercise-loving mice. (Researchers don't know yet how often the activity-inclined genotype would naturally occur; Lightfoot says he found a fairly continuous range of activity levels, from extremely active to very low-active, in about 30 mice strains he tested.) "When we used to talk about activity, it was whether or not people decided to be active," says Lightfoot...
...theories, Lightfoot says: Genes may affect either the way muscles work - perhaps causing them to use energy more efficiently and preventing fatigue - or some higher-order biochemical circuit in the brain, such as levels of the neurotransmitters dopamine or serotonin. Researchers have examined the muscle tissue of the mice in the study, however, and early data, which has not yet been published, suggests that there's no difference in their function. So the researchers' best guess is that the drive to exercise is at least partly influenced by brain chemicals - a reasonable hypothesis, given that dopamine or serotonin plays...