Word: mid-19th
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...Soon after the art of photography emerged in the mid-19th century, photographing naked women became one of the first orders of business. The French ruled the early days of pornography publishing, distributing programs for Parisian cabarets adorned with topless dancers as early as the 1870s. While some Americans attempted to import racy material from Europe, the industry was blunted in the U.S. by the Comstock Act, an 1873 federal statute that restricted the transport of obscene literature through the mail. (Anthony Comstock, the head of the New York Society for the Suppression of Vice, was perhaps the anti-Hefner...
...Together with his graduate students, Charlie G. Willis and Brad R. Ruhfel, Davis compiled an evolutionary tree of the entire community of flora that had existed in the Concord area in the mid-19th century...
...Expo. While Beijing threw an efficient if, ultimately, rather empty Olympics - because of visa restrictions that kept out many tourists along with potential demonstrators - you can bet that Shanghai will give a warmer welcome to the world. After all, it was the influx of foreigners starting in the mid-19th century that turned a Chinese fishing town into the international hub of hedonism. And that's a status Shanghai isn't going to surrender to China's dowdier national capital without a fight...
...There had been a high-profile and wealthy Jewish community in Shanghai since the mid-19th century, but the Russian pogroms and World War II swelled its ranks with refugees lured by Shanghai's policy of visa-free access. The Japanese occupation of parts of the city from 1937 led to the creation of a Jewish ghetto in the Hongkou district as the Japanese sought to appease their Nazi allies. But while ghetto life was difficult, the refugees were able to establish synagogues, as well as schools, newspapers and even theaters. Most importantly, nearly all of the Shanghai Jews survived...
Talk about dynasties: the Yankees, Canadiens and Celtics have nothing on Ludwig van Beethoven. Since the mid-19th century, Beethoven has been the dominant figure in concert music. Brahms was haunted by him, Bruckner worshiped him, and Wagner was inspired by him. Pianists, string quartets and symphony orchestras perform his music incessantly, and audiences never tire of it. In the nearly 160 years since his death, Beethoven has fended off all contenders to World's Greatest Composer and shows no signs of losing his title. The latest crop of the champ's compact disks: Beethoven: The Five Piano Concertos; Polonaise...