Word: migrant
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...Jari has picked up an unjustifiedly distasteful reputation in Brazil. Because of Ludwig's passion for secrecy, abetted by Jari's remote location, untrue stories of slave laborers living in hovels have regularly appeared in the Brazilian press. In fact, while they are occasionally exploited by contractors, the migrant workers who make up about two-thirds of Jari's work force frequently return to the operation for another season in the forest. Some of the criticism of Jari may stem from political jealousies. Ludwig and his managers routinely bypass local officials, including the state governors, and deal only with...
...other end of town, Ralph Gawber, an aging accountant, is also waiting. But Gawber's personal drama is not of a new beginning, it is of surviving by "patience, belt-tightening and bookkeeping" through the fast-approaching end. The chaos of migrant families spilling onto his road and the snatches of other people's conversations that Gawber hears over his apparently interconnected telephone wires have deeply disturbed his sense of order and privacy. So like a conspirator, alone with his wife in their enormous house, Gawber "guards against alarm." He has seen the handwriting on the wall. He knows what...
...half the maize it needs to feed its population, and offers almost no employment. Forty-four percent of those in the Transkei who do work for wages are employed by the South African government. Nearly three-fourths of the area's gross national income come from the 350,000 migrant laborers who leave the area to work in South Africa's mines and industry. Between 60 and 70 per cent of the Transkei budget will be subsidized by Pretoria. Clearly, if the Transkei residents hope to survive, they will have to follow every dictate of the government in Pretoria...
Conditions on the bantustan are appalling. Black families are broken up, as the men must leave to support them. And no matter how bad conditions in the mines are, there will always be people willing to become migrant laborers rather than face starvation at home. Black children in South Africa suffer from endemic malnutrition; the nation's blacks have one of the highest infant mortality rates in the world. In certain areas, the Dutch Reform Church found women and children eat three times a week when food supplies for the bantustan run low. Education remains at a minimum, with...
...states, the figures are misleading. Three-quarters of the Transkei's annual operating budget is contributed by South Africa, and 70% of its national income consists of remittances from members of the Xhosa tribe who work "abroad"-in the mines, factories and farms of white South Africa -as migrant laborers. Admits a black civil servant in one of Umtata's new government office buildings, "We are like a puppet show, with the whites pulling the strings as we dance to their tune...