Word: mikolajczyk
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Back in 1947, as it became clear that Poland's Peasant Party would beat the Communists, Stalin's army cut off its phones and eventually sent the party's chieftain, Stanislaw Mikolajczyk, fleeing to the West. In Hungary that year, after the anti-Communist Smallholders Party won power, the Soviet army arrested its leader and forced a confession of subversion...
Died. Stanislaw Mikolajczyk, 65, Polish patriot, wartime head of the Polish exile government who returned home in 1945, joined a coalition regime (as Vice Premier) with the Communists in hopes of moderating Red influence, saw rigged elections wipe out his Peasant Party before threats to his life forced him into exile once more in 1947, this time in the U.S., where he spent his years lecturing and writing; of a stroke; in Chevy Chase...
...Deputy Premier: Gomulka) should include the Polish Peasant Party and the Social Democrats as well as the Communists, but he had his men ceaselessly working to surround, isolate, blackmail, and even to murder, the democratic politicians. "Poland's secret government,'' wrote Polish Peasant Party Leader Stanislaw Mikolajczyk, "is headed by a man few Poles have ever seen-the Russian general Malinov. His name has never appeared in a Polish newspaper. He has never made a public appearance in Poland. He towers above all other officials-public or secret." Malinov's real name: Ivan Serov, Stalin...
...lower level, Deputy Premier Gomulka was working as hard as any other Communist to undermine democracy. "You can't kill all of us, Gomulka. You can't exterminate a whole people or crush its determination to be independent," Mikolajczyk told him on one occasion. Gomulka leaped from his chair, his hand on the gun he carried in his pocket, but Mikolajczyk calmly asked for a cigarette. Said Gomulka: "We'll get the people. And we'll get you." Two years later, Mikolajczyk was forced to flee into exile, and the only "democrats" left in the Polish...
...line Communists. Round-faced, quick-witted, Berman served on the Moscow end of the Polish Communist apparatus until the end of World War II, when he moved into Warsaw. Multilingual Berman lied smoothly to Western reporters in four languages, while he masterminded the ousting of Peasant Party Leader Stanislaw Mikolajczyk in 1947 and the later disbanding of some 100,000 Socialists. It was not clear last week how far Berman has been downgraded, but the effect of his official firing is a victory for the younger party members...