Word: militiaization
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...dense and impoverished neighborhood, which houses an estimated 3 million people was easily Iraq's most devastated locale during the seven weeks of fighting that wracked the area as U.S.-backed government forces confronted the Mahdi Army militia of radical cleric Muqtada al-Sadr. According to Nasser Hashem al-Saadi, a member of parliament aligned with al-Sadr, some 25,000 residents fled the area during that time...
...July 2006, commandos from the Lebanese militia Hizballah stole into northern Israel and, during a firefight, kidnapped two soldiers - Eldad Regev and Ehud Goldwasser. Their capture triggered a month-long war in which 159 Israelis and 1,109 Lebanese were killed. But the fate of the two soldiers remained unclear...
...Hizballah. And a medical report carried out a week after the ambush stated that in all likelihood, the two soldiers probably died of wounds soon after they were captured. Even with that grim knowledge, Israeli pressed ahead with the war, in a fruitless attempt to crush the Lebanese militia. When the war ended, Israel began in earnest to seek Regev and Goldwasser's return, even if that meant collecting two coffins...
...tackling these thorny legal questions, the Supreme Court had to grapple with the Bill of Rights' most puzzling item. The Amendment reads: "A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed." Its confounding syntax aside, Scalia said the fact that the Amendment is framed in a military context is "unremarkable" given the era's martial climate. His argument, says Northwestern Law School professor John McGinnis, is rooted in the judicial philosophy of originalism: "When there really isn't clear precedent, you look...
...strained and unpersuasive." He also blistered the majority for its expansive reading of the Amendment's "ambiguous" text. "Until today, it has been understood that legislatures may regulate the civilian use and misuse of firearms so long as they do not interfere with the preservation of a well-regulated militia," Stevens wrote. "The Court's announcement of a new constitutional right to own and use firearms for private purposes upsets that settled understanding...