Word: minerals
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...Warren Harding himself, a world-traveler, a peculiar sort of war hero, a Buddhist. Penfield twists the story; he exists in the first person at times, but these are Joe's versions of Penfield. And Doctorow dances between the future and the past. One moment Penfield is a coal miner's son from Seattle, the next he is a Caucasian gorilla probing the mysteries of Zen in a rice palace outside Tokyo. And Doctorow's prose switches just as quickly to poetry...
...banner that proclaimed, INDEPENDENT AND SELF-GOVERNING TRADE UNION OF GDANSK. Inside, the wood-paneled hall buzzed with excitement. A young organizer from a tractor factory near Warsaw boastfully announced that 50% to 80% of the workers in his sector had signed up for the new unions. A burly miner from the Silesian coal fields, on the other hand, complained of official harassment against efforts to organize his mine. The familiar figure of Lech Walesa, 37, the triumphant leader of the original Lenin Shipyard strike, rose to make a telling disclosure. During a recent trip to Warsaw, he recounted...
...fact, the government's back-to-work campaign was not yet complete. No sooner had workers on the Baltic coast and most other regions returned to their jobs than the scattered coal miners' strikes in Silesia mushroomed into a new potential crisis. Among Poland's best paid and most coddled workers, the miners had remained aloof from the riots of 1970 and 1976. Their burgeoning unrest last week was all the more alarming to Warsaw since coal and lignite provide 85% of Poland's energy and 15% of its hard-currency export earnings. The upheaval...
...Instead, he appealed for reason and moderation in a 25-minute radio and television address to the nation. He made it clear that many of the strikers' demands were unacceptable. "Strikes will not change things for the better," Gierek said. "They only multiply difficulties." With characteristic frankness, the former miner admitted to "mistakes in economic policy" and a "lack of progress in the organization of production and the life of the community." He promised reforms, such as higher pay, increased meat supplies, more decentralization and less bureaucracy. Said he: "We understand the tiredness and impatience of the working people over...
...mother took him to France, where at the age of 13 he began Communist in the mines; a few years later he joined the French Communist Party. Expelled from France in 1934 for taking part in a strike, Gierek later went to Belgium, where he again worked as a miner and served in the Resistance during World...