Word: minh
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After the defeat of the French at Dien Bien Phu, a conference was called in Geneva in May, 1954. The solution worked out there took no account of the support for the Viet Minh among the peasantry throughout Vietnam: it temporarily divided the country along the 17th parallel and established a Franco-American sphere of influence in the South. This division, supported two distinct objectives: the American intention to keep military and diplomatic pressure on China and the British desire to keep Communist control as far north of Malaya as possible. The U.S., however, refused to sign the agreement, merely...
...President Eisenhower stated in his memories. "I have never talked or corresponded with a person knowledgeable in Indochinese affairs who did not agree that had elections been held as of the time of fighting, possible 80 percent of the population would have voted for the Communist Ho Chi Minh as their leader." Some observers have estimated that the Viet Minh was even stronger in the South than in the North...
...anti-Communist alternative which would appeal to the peasantry of South Vietnam. A successful "containment" policy would have had to include certain economic measures. First, the government should have sanctioned the status quo for those peasants who had enjoyed the benefits of the agrarian reforms instituted by the Viet Minh. Second, tax and land reforms of a similar character should have been extended to the remainder of the population. Third, trade between the industrial North and the agrarian. South should have been continued, since only Vietnam as a whole constituted a viable economic unit. Politically, the government should have been...
...implementation of Diem's agrarian "reform" measures in 1957 coincided with the institution of a wholesale terror campaign throughout the countryside. These programs reinstated the landlords who had been removed by the Viet Minh, reinstituted rent, and at the same time failed to provide the peasants with any security of land tenure. All those peasants who had benefited from the Viet Minh reforms or who had supported the resistance movement against the French were considered "subversives" and, like Diem's other political opponents, were either murdered or subjected to torture and confinement in concentration camps...
...peasant' victims of this terrorism revolted. They were led by former members of the Viet Minh who lived in South Vietnam and by leaders of other political groups attacked by Diem This movement now controls most of South Vietnam. There is no evidence that the Hanol regime is supplying economic or military aid to the South Vietnamese movement. In October, 1963, the Baltimore Sun reported an official U.S. estimate of the sources of Viet Cong arms, which indicated that only one out of fifty weapons came from the Communist bloc. Most of the equipment was American and had been captured...