Word: minimum
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...Spence will require a House to accept transfers only when the current House population falls below the 87 per cent floor. Thus Mather, with its ten per cent attrition rate, need not accept any one-way transfers this fall. A master might decide to accept transfers beyond the required minimum, possibly to alter the class balance within the House, to help out an overcrowded House or for other reasons...
Through this kind of legally-enforced racism, apartheid ensures low wages for blacks. The average income in the Bantustans is estimated to be about a third of the Poverty Datum Line (PDL), the minimum needed for survival. (It is generally conceded that 150 per cent of the PDL is needed for a decent life, as the PDL makes no provision for things like medicine, education, furniture or recreation). About a quarter of the Africans living in the Bantustans are both landless and jobless. Death reigns in the barren huts: half the children die before age six; starvation, malnutrition and diseases...
...refinery in Cape Town, and markets petroleum products throughout the country. It also owns shares in two Southern Rhodesian marketing and refining companies. Caltex employs about 2000 workers in South Africa, about a third of them black. The average African wage in 1972 was $139 a month; the minimum...
...also suffered a painful defeat when Congress rejected the common-situs picketing bill. Labor leaders blamed the common-situs loss on their own failure to realize how hard a lobbying effort would be needed. They had no such excuse last week, when the House voted on the minimum wage; the AFL-CIO deployed 100 "educators on labor law reform" to spread its gospel. Result: another series of jolts...
...House did vote to raise the minimum wage from $2.30 an hour now to $2.65 on Jan. 1 and $3.05 in 1980. But it turned down a labor bid to specify that the minimum wage from now on must be at least 53% of average manufacturing wages. It voted to let employers of waiters, waitresses and other workers who receive tips continue to pay only half the minimum wage. It decided to exempt any business with sales of less than $500,000 a year from paying minimum wages at all. The ceiling had been $250,000. Only the tie-breaking...