Word: modelers
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...Chinese graphic designer has not been a happy one. In mainland China design was, for a long time, an instrument of socialist propaganda, and to be a graphic designer was to be a sort of mechanic, running chunky, graceless type across posters of model peasants or valiant soldiers. In Hong Kong and Taiwan, designers spent much of the 20th century toiling in the service of another omnipotent master - the export market, which required packaging and other printed matter produced strictly to Western specifications and sensibilities. Questions of form, style and color were not settled upon locally, but in British...
...what certainly looks like an attack by a yapping, rabid pug. Let 'em bite or kick at 'em - you're damned no matter what you do. The tragic thing is that all of this misery has almost nothing to do with being the leader of this country and a model for the free world. Toni Sandler, RENO...
...Most big companies still operate what NGOS have called the "comply or die" model, in which factories are given a couple of months and little support to correct mistakes. "Historically, corporate social responsibility has been this top-down approach," says Khan. "The buyers are afraid, so they push down their ideas onto the factories." But it's often unrealistic to impose these Western CSR ideals overseas. "We've transferred the jobs to the developing world," says Hurst. "But we haven't transferred the skills or expertise needed to provide decent jobs." Many companies don't care (as long...
...They're smart to do so, because, in some ways, auditing is helping to promote the very practices it purports to detect. In The China Price, Alexandra Harney describes how Chinese suppliers set up "five-star factories" whose model working conditions impress auditors, while also creating "shadow" factories to meet actual order deadlines. With a minimum of paperwork or safety codes, staffed by migrant workers who often put in 12-hour days seven days a week, these shadow factories are unregulated, but common. The craze for auditing has, paradoxically, led factory owners to create such factories. It also sops...
...Realists now accept that the "comply-or-die" model can actually hurt workers and damage the chances of building lasting partnerships with factories. "We thought monitoring was the answer, but we've learned the hard way that it isn't," Gap's then CEO Paul Pressler conceded in 2005. "Almost no factory is in compliance with our standards." As a result, the goal for many firms is no longer perfection, but more nuanced policies and a gradual raising of standards. Traditionally, Gap pulled out of factories in which it discovered child labor. Two years ago, it revised that policy...