Word: modell
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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Woods grew up in a suburb of Los Angeles with mostly white friends. But over the years he has made four visits to Thailand, where locals like to say he's "Asian from the eyes up," and he has also embraced the role model of his father Earl, who was the first black to play baseball in the Big Eight (for Kansas State). Now Tiger seems to be saying that if acknowledging the totality of his genetic and cultural makeup is difficult for many Americans, they will just have to try harder...
...proverbial carrot, a reward the brain doles out to networks of neurons for making survival-enhancing choices. And while the details of how this system works are not yet understood, Montague and his colleagues at the Salk Institute in San Diego, California, and M.I.T. have proposed a model that seems quite plausible. Each time the outcome of an action is better than expected, they predicted, dopamine-releasing neurons should increase the rate at which they fire. When an outcome is worse, they should decrease it. And if the outcome is as expected, the firing rate need not change...
...test of his model, Montague created a computer program that simulated the nectar-gathering activity of bees. Programmed with a dopamine-like reward system and set loose on a field of virtual "flowers," some of which were dependably sweet and some of which were either very sweet or not sweet at all, the virtual bees chose the reliably sweet flowers 85% of the time. In laboratory experiments real bees behave just like their virtual counterparts. What does this have to do with drug abuse? Possibly quite a lot, says Montague. The theory is that dopamine-enhancing chemicals fool the brain...
...reasons the Brown case became such a focal point is that the university has, in some ways, a model women's athletic program. When the case first went to trial in 1994, Brown offered 17 varsity sports to women and 16 to men; women constituted 51% of the student body and 38% of the varsity athletes. At the same time that Brown tried to eliminate women's volleyball and gymnastics, it had also cut loose men's golf and water polo. But as Labinger has pointed out, the total funding for the two men's teams was $16,000, while...
What makes all these characters so attractive is their very genuine fallibility--even those who can snap their fingers and land instantly in Tahiti. Buffy gets her priorities skewed sometimes; Daria is wise but smug. "She's a role model," notes mtv executive vice president Abby Terkuhle. "But she's not without her problems." Indeed, these characters are not meant to seem superheroic...