Word: modernist
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...Jaafari is a ?Shiite modernist,? according to an AFP profile carried in the Tehran Times. He has signaled a moderate Islamist position on questions of religion and the state, advocating that Islam be constitutionally recognized as Iraq's official religion and a source (but not the sole source) of legislation, and that no laws will be passed that contradict Islamic values. At the same time, he favors protection of minority religious and ethnic groups, and insists that the first priority of a new government is not only to be as inclusive as possible of those who participated in the election...
...backdrop for much of what appears in "Archilab" is the mid-20th century triumph of consumer capitalism and what was then its house style, classic Modernism. By the late 1950s the iconic Modernist building?an unadorned box, made of glass and concrete or steel, typically perched upon an empty plaza?was springing up in every part of the developed world. It was a style that could produce individual works of great beauty, but in the aggregate could transform whole city centers into visual and spiritual dead zones...
...1960s a thoroughgoing critique of Modernist architecture, often joined to a deep suspicion of capitalist culture generally, was under way among younger architects. They wanted to imagine a cityscape that was not merely sane and rational but that acknowledged and accommodated human desires, even if imagine was all they could do. So "Archilab" opens with a section called "The Pulsating City," full of models and drawings based on organic forms or made from flexible materials, like David Greene's witty Living Pod. The point of such work was to unlock the imprisoning grids of Modernism, to make the soap bubble...
...organizer of the pivotal 1932 International Style exhibition at New York City's Museum of Modern Art, he introduced the U.S. to the European glass-and-steel modernism that would dominate its skylines after World War II. As an architect he produced some fine work in the modernist vein, like his own Glass House. But modernism's refusal of historical reference made him restless. In 1984, with his Chippendale-topped AT&T building in Manhattan, he proclaimed himself postmodern. He was capable of very good buildings, like Pennzoil Place in Houston, and mere concoctions, like so many of his later...
Testa, 52, is a modernist and a traditionalist. His Milan ad agency has just completed a yearlong study of consumer reaction to interactive TV ads, and he believes that "the Web is the future" for his industry. Testa, who took the reins after the death of his father and company namesake, has made the Armando Testa Agency Europe's largest independent ad firm by doubling revenues. He continues to fend off buyout offers, convinced that independence breeds creativity. "Once you're listed on the stock exchange, you have to play according to different rules," he says. --By Jeff Israely...