Word: molajoli
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...century palace outside Naples that was built for the Bourbon kings in 1738 and reopened only last year as a treasure-filled art museum-100 galleries lined with canvases by such old masters as Bruegel, Goya, Mantegna, Masaccio and Titian. In converting the palace, Naples' Art Director Bruno Molajoli faced not only the staggering task of cleaning and identifying some 600 stored paintings (including two Correggios found in a case marked "rubbish"), but also laying out a modern, well-lighted museum...
Which, When & Where? Museum Director Molajoli rapidly found himself in the middle of one of the most vociferous of the debates that engross the international museum fraternity: how to light a painting. From the Renaissance to the 19th century, side-window lighting was the principal solution, with now and then a smoking torch to light a royal procession through a gallery. The Louvre's Grande Galerie, begun by Napoleon, introduced the skylight roof on a grand scale, and with it natural overhead lighting-but without bright success. In 1857 London's Victoria and Albert Museum experimented with fishtail...
Faced with a range of choices from Vienna's Kunsthistorisches Museum, which shifts its Bruegels around on easels to catch the changing light, to Manhattan's glass-walled Museum of Modern Art, which shuts out all direct sunlight, Capodimonte Director Molajoli chose an elaborate mixture of the best of all systems, combined natural with both filament and fluorescent light, automatically mixed to maintain level, shadowless lighting...