Word: mold
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...Beadle teamed up with Dr. Edward L. Tatum, a chemist now of the Rockefeller Institute, and selected a new laboratory victim, the so-called red bread mold (Neurospora crassa), which is really a beautiful coral pink in its natural state, unmolested by geneticists. Neurospora is a geneticist's dream. When properly introduced, it mates and reproduces sexually. It also grows nonsexually, so a truckload of mold with the same heredity can be grown, if desirable, from a single spore. But the best thing about Neurospora is that it asks for so little. It thrives on a medium containing nothing...
...Mutated Mold. The Beadle and Tatum plan for Neurospora was to try to create strains that differ from the normal mold in simple, chemical ways. Their method was simple, too. They irradiated mold with X rays to induce mutations. Then they gathered spores formed by sexual reproduction and laid them out on a sheet of agar jelly containing the minimum nutrients that natural wild mold requires. Some of the spores sprouted and grew normally, showing that they had not been mutated in any obvious way. Some were dead, perhaps mutated too much...
...experiment, Beadle and Tatum resolved to make at least 1,000 tries before giving up. Such perseverence was not necessary. On the 299th try they found an ailing spore that needed only vitamin B-6 (pyridoxine) to make it grow lustily. When it had mated with a normal mold, it transmitted its need for vitamin B-6 to its descendants in the proper Mendelian manner for a single mutated gene...
Frozen Difference. But Labor did have one grave objection to the "partnership" plan: to provide for separate assemblies of Turkish Cypriots and Greek Cypriots, and to invite both the Turkish and Greek governments to share a kind of condominium with Britain was to freeze differences into a permanent mold, rather than to let them work themselves out. Perhaps for this reason, the Turks, though rejecting the plan, found it reconcilable with their cries of partition. The Greeks for the same reason were considerably upset. On Cyprus, Colonel Grivas issued a defiant leaflet distributed by boys on bicycles. It described Foot...
Program & Plans. Last week the three men sat together at Confraternidad's first public meeting. Their program, to be spread through radio, press, lectures, books: i) "mold a collective soul through the union and understanding of all believers," 2) "form a common front against soulless forces which destroy the dignity of man," and 3) "promote the spiritual significance of democracy...