Word: molecular
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Madras and her co-authors found a group of drugs without nitrogen that recognizes the same molecular targets as nitrogen-containing drugs...
Just how this business of swapping food for time works is not entirely clear, but George Roth, molecular physiologist with the National Institute on Aging in Bethesda, Maryland, has some ideas. When animals are placed on caloric restriction, Roth explains, the first thing that happens is that their body temperature drops about 1[degree]C. Lower temperature means a less vigorous metabolism, which means less food is processed. "In order to compensate for the reduction in diet," Roth says, "the animals switch from a growth mode into what can be thought of as a survival mode. They get fewer calories...
...next step for scientists was obvious: study the cells with little or no replication limit and find out what mechanism kept their telomeres--and their lives--so long. In 1984 molecular biologists Carol Greider and Elizabeth Blackburn, then with the University of California, Berkeley, did just that. Working with a single-cell pond organism, they discovered a telomere-preserving enzyme they dubbed telomerase. Five years later, Gregg Morin at Yale University confirmed their work, identifying the same substance in cancer cells. In the Petri dish, the agent of eternal life had been found...
Meanwhile, more and more genes involved in the aging process are giving up their secrets. At the Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Seattle, a group led by molecular geneticist Gerard Schellenberg has identified the human gene responsible for the disorder known as Werner's syndrome. People suffering from Werner's start life normally, but by the time they reach their 20s begin a process of eerily accelerated aging, exhibiting such ailments as heart disease, osteoporosis and atherosclerosis. Typically they die by their late...
Previous Harvard professors ranked were molecular biologist James D. Watson at 49th place, paleontologist George Gaylord Simpson at 78th and psychologist B.F. Skinner at 98th...