Word: molecular
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...world like an outsize example of abstract sculpture. In fact, it was a precise piece of technical art. It was a model of the hemoglobin molecule, the vital constituent of blood corpuscles, and it was the result of nearly 30 years of effort by Cambridge University Molecular Biologist Max Perutz...
...attracts charged hydrogen atoms. The blood thus becomes alkaline, forms a temporary chemical bond with carbon dioxide and water from the tissues in the form of bicarbonate and carries it to the lungs, where it changes back into water and carbon dioxide before being exhaled. The change of molecular shape is important, says Perutz, "because it is the most elementary manifestation of the property of a living system that can turn chemical energy into movement...
These organic compounds made of carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen resemble ordinary liquids. Yet their orderly molecular structure is similar to that of solid crystals such as diamonds, mica and quartz. The crystals themselves are not new, but it was only recently that scientists discovered that an electrical charge makes them light-reflecting; the higher the voltage, the greater the reflecting power. At first, this "electro-optical effect" could be shown only in the laboratory, since the crystals reacted to electricity only at certain temperatures. Now, after trying more than 100 compounds, RCA scientists have produced a crystal that responds...
...liquid crystals between two sheets of glass. The inner surface of each sheet was coated with a transparent electrical conducting material. When a small negative charge was applied to one sheet and a positive charge to the other, so much turbulence was caused inside the liquid crystals' molecular structure that the film turned instantly opaque. Next, in a more complicated display, the conducting surfaces were divided into a mosaic of squares, each separately linked to the external power source; this enabled the scientists to send the electrical current into selected areas of the liquid-crystal film. By directing...
Fotis C. Kafatos, assistant professor of Biology and popular lecturer in Biology 15b, has spent the last two years investigating the cellular and molecular aspects of cell differentiation (how the cell decides what role it will play). Kafatos, a 28-year-old Greek citizen, has already published a dozen scientific communications which have received international attention. The editors of Nature cited his scientific promise and the crucial nature of his work in a rare burst of praise in the May, 1967, issue. Born in Crete, he came to America immediately after high school and enrolled at Cornell University. He finished...