Word: moniz
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Dates: during 1942-1942
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...surgeon's knife can reach into the brain to sever the tensions which underlie a psychopathic personality. This drastic method of rescuing psychotic patients from complete insanity is not exactly a new invention. It has been developed in Lisbon by Dr. Egas Moniz since 1935. But now two men who have pioneered this treatment in the U.S.-Neurologist Walter Freeman and Neurosurgeon James W. Watts of George Washington University-have published a book, Psychosurgery (Charles C. Thomas; $6), based on their work. Some 300 people in the U.S. have had their psychoses surgically removed, Dr. Freeman revealed last week...
...Brain Is Sliced. In their development of Dr. Moniz' methods, Drs. Freeman and Watts drill a small hole in the temple on each side of the patient's head where two skull bones meet. Surgeon Watts then inserts a dull knife into the brain, makes a fan-shaped incision upward through the prefrontal lobe, then downward a few minutes later. He then repeats the incisions on the other side of the brain. No brain tissues are removed. (In two operations they have cut cerebral arteries. Both patients died...