Word: moscow
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...army was beginning to suffer severe casualties at the hands Chechen forces. And the Russian forces appeared to be racking up the collateral damage, too ?- 40 refugees fleeing the fighting were killed Tuesday when a bus was struck by an artillery shell, reportedly fired by a Russian tank. Moscow has dismissed the report as disinformation, but a New York Times reporter interviewed survivors and heard tales of indiscriminate Russian bombing...
...Although the advancing Russians had by Wednesday captured the northern third of the rebel republic, they had done so for the most part without much of a fight. "Chechen forces were biding their time," says TIME Moscow bureau chief Paul Quinn-Judge. The Chechens, whose president, Aslan Mashkadov, called Wednesday for a "holy war" to repel the Russian invaders, are likely to meet any Russian attempt to cross the Terek River in the mountainous south of Chechnya with fierce resistance. Meanwhile, Moscow rejected European Union offers to mediate in the crisis, insisting that Chechnya is a domestic matter. A domestic...
...collection includes documents ranging from party censuses to information on the inner workings of the Russian secret police. In all, Harvard acquired 10,000 microfilm reels of various Soviet archives for a total of 25 million images. The original documents remain in Moscow...
...then, so it's a war. Russia has for 10 days camouflaged its objectives in Chechnya, but now it's given the game away. Initially Moscow said it had 30,000 men around Chechnya to beef up border security while bombing suspected terrorist bases; then it crossed those borders saying it wanted a 10-mile security zone inside Chechnya. But Prime Minister Vladimir Putin announced Tuesday that his forces now occupy the northern third of the breakaway republic along the east-west line of the River Terek - a fact borne out by reports of fierce fighting from villages deep inside...
Wars, of course, carry a political cost, and although Russian generals like to compare their operation to NATO's Kosovo campaign, it's proving a lot more expensive. Moscow has already acknowledged losing four soldiers and two planes in the campaign, while Chechen authorities claim their forces have killed upwards of 100 Russian men. Heavy losses in the Caucasus could prompt a backlash from Russian voters; meanwhile, the campaign has already drawn criticism from the U.S. and the European Union. That's likely to grow amid a burgeoning humanitarian crisis. More than 100,000 refugees have fled Chechnya since Russia...