Word: mossadeq
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...give up land to Russia in 1813, as one of the most humiliating episodes in their country's history. Hostilities sparked again in 1941, when the U.K. invaded Iran and exiled the country's leader on suspicion of pro-German sympathies. Furthering the mistrust, when Iranian Prime Minister Mohammed Mossadeq dared to nationalize the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company - in which Britain had a majority stake - British and U.S. security services mounted a coup to oust the leader...
Driving in Northern Tehran with family one weekend this summer, we passed a former palace of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. Pahlavi—who came to power after a 1953 coup orchestrated by the Central Intelligence Agency and British intelligence toppled the democratically-elected Mossadeq government—had dozens of palaces, all throughout Iran. The palaces, situated on large tracts of land, are surrounded by towering walls, which serve as an aggressive delineation of space reserved for one man in a country crowded with the poor...
...1950s, Bechtel developed close links with the Central Intelligence Agency. The firm and the government together sent covert operatives on overseas intelligence missions--to determine political trends in Israel and the practices of the Mossadeq government in Iran (that regime was later overthrown in a CIA-staged coup, shortly after it nationalized...
...army was not yet won over although its loyalty to Mossadeq was feebler than Roosevelt and the generals had dared to hope. For when Zahedi arrived in a tank at Parliament Square a few tense moments passed and then the troops defending Foreign Minister Fatemi threw their caps in the air and declared for the Shah. By mid-afternoon Tehran was under the control of General Zahedi...
...different would Iran be in 1979 if the CIA had not intervened. Mossadeq's aims were not as laudable as many now believe: in June and July 1953 he was almost certainly planning to abolish the Iranian parliament. As support slid from beneath his feet he was also being forced to rely unduly on the Iranian Communist Party. The CIA probably replaced one emerging dictator by another but in the long run by doing so it increased hatred of the United States. Kermit Roosevelt would have been saddened. The operation begun with moral fervor to save the Iranians for democracy...