Word: motheral
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...equality of the sexes. One such facet of feminity, of course, is the woman's ability to carry and give birth to children. This is the one conservatives use to defend their resistance to women leaving the home for the workplace. They argue that the bonds that develop between mother and child know no laws that humans may construct among themselves: "The forces that are at work here are not to be reduced to using the strength and power of the state to hold a woman to a contract that does violence to her own humanity the bonds...
Both feminists and the Church, then, oppose contracted surrogacy because of the irreducible differences between men and women, in this case that of the special and distinct capacities for love and attachment that supposedly only a biological mother can have for her child...
...this is a startling change from the situation little more than two years ago, when Indians voted the Congress Party into office by a landslide. The vote was a show of confidence in Gandhi only seven weeks after his mother, Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, was assassinated by Sikh bodyguards. Gandhi cultivated an image as a young, honest politician who was determined to modernize the economy and clean up the Congress Party, whose members he said in 1985 "follow no principle of public morality." Today, none of those goals has been fulfilled, and Gandhi seems to have lost his golden electioneering...
Gordimer's heroine appears, at first glimpse, an unlikely focus for any story with epic intentions. Hillela Capran comes onstage as an aimless teenager with a penchant for trouble. Effectively orphaned by the breakup of her parents' marriage, the girl proves to be too much for either of her mother's sisters, Aunt Olga and Aunt Pauline, to control. Nothing seems to register with the child, not Olga's antique collecting and social climbing, not Pauline's furious campaigning for black civil rights and social progress. When Pauline discovers Hillela in bed with her son Sasha, the welcome...
...Baby M. surrogate- mother trial raises a puzzling ethical question: Is it right -- or possible -- to pay someone for emotions...