Word: mubarak
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...rest of the Arab world, the disarray caused by the Lebanese invasion could lead to a significant realignment of forces. Because of his consistent criticism of the Israeli action, Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak did much to redeem his country in the eyes of fellow Arabs. Moreover, Mubarak has developed an increasingly close relationship with Saudi Arabia, forming an axis of wealth and population. Together those moderate states could dominate the Arab world...
...Mubarak's gain in stature has been accompanied by a toughening approach toward Israel, the U.S. and the Camp David peace process. Vows a senior Egyptian official: "Egypt will not participate in the Palestinian autonomy talks again until the complete withdrawal from Lebanon by Israel." Pushed by a rising tide of anti-American and anti-Israeli popular sentiment, Mubarak is determined to win real concessions in exchange for future cooperation. Says a Western diplomat in Cairo: "He is consumed with the need to keep ahead of his domestic critics and be viewed in Egyptian opinion as doing his utmost...
...American analysts that Jerusalem might actually prefer a bloody showdown to a diplomatic settlement that would preserve and possibly enhance the P.L.O.'s political status. Asked one U.S. official: "How can Begin bear to see [P.L.O. Leader Yasser] Arafat two months from now in Cairo, his apparatus intact, Mubarak as his ally, Saudi money behind him, and ready to talk to Reagan...
...outside the city. The Israeli attacks, which aroused wide opposition around the world, came just as U.S. Special Envoy Philip Habib reportedly was on the verge of working out an agreement for the Palestine Liberation Organization to evacuate Lebanon. The assaults also angered Egypt's President Hosni Mubarak and thus jeopardized any resumption of the Camp David talks with Israel in search of a long-term settlement of the Palestinian issue...
...reaction of most Arab states to the Israeli invasion has been more muted than even the Israelis had expected. But Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak was said by a Western diplomat to be "angry, frustrated and humiliated" over the whole affair. The presumption was that the Camp David peace process had contributed, in a marginal way, to Israel's decision to launch the invasion, since the agreement had neutralized Egypt and thus reduced Israel's need to worry about its southern border...