Word: mujahedin
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...headlines from the Middle East and South Atlantic is a stubborn conflict in Afghanistan, where determined guerrillas continue to resist a 100,000-strong Soviet occupation force. Last month, in the largest operation since their December 1979 invasion of Afghanistan, the Soviets tried to root out the well-disciplined mujahedin of the lush Panjshir Valley, north of Kabul. TIME's William Dowell spent 22 days, disguised in a native tunic and baggy pantaloons, trekking over 16,000-ft. passes with a guerrilla caravan in order to witness the combat. Dowell's report...
Although they have not other mujahedin, the Soviets have prevented irrigation of the crops, and that could lead to drought and famine later in the year. The Soviets wanted to move a thousand Communist volunteers into the Panjshir to settle the valley, but a convoy carrying the volunteers was ambushed and destroyed...
...Ruhollah Khomeini's countrymen at a time when the government appears to have finally consolidated its powers. Until recently, political stability seemed beyond reach. Power struggles had racked virtually every sector of the government, and the economy was on the brink of ruin. An assassination campaign by leftist Mujahedin guerrillas claimed the lives of nearly the entire top tier of the government last year. Most costly of all has been the war with Iraq, which bled off $7 billion, or an estimated 17% of the government's annual budget. But the war also provided a strong rallying point...
...government appears to have made gains in its internal war against the Mujahedin. This success has freed many units of the Revolutionary Guards, a civilian militia used to combat domestic opponents in the chaotic period following the revolution, to serve in the battle against Iraq. Fewer officials are being purged these days for political reasons, though Revolutionary Guards last week arrested former Foreign Minister Sadegh Ghotbzadeh, who has long been at odds with the ruling Islamic fundamentalists...
...well-organized underground movement founded in 1965, the Mujahedin was active in the overthrow of Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi. But it later split with the clergy-dominated regime of Ayatullah Ruhollah Khomeini. Over the past eight months it has launched a bloody campaign of insurrection that culminated in the assassination of President Mohammed Ali Raja'i and many other top government figures. In the wake of severe government reprisals, Mujahedin activities have tapered off. The Mujahedin say they have merely switched tactics from assassinating political leaders to attacking government security forces. Government sources claim that, in fact, the rebels...