Word: mukden
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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With the fall of Mukden the Chinese Communists have completed their conquest of Manchuria. North China as far south as the Yangtze is in danger of falling under their control. On the economic side, Chiang Kai-shek's government has removed price controls and with them has vanished all hope for its economic reforms. The resulting inflation is destroying the newly-issued money for which the middle class was forced to sacrifice its holdings of gold and foreign currency. With the Republican defeat in the U.S. election discouraging Knomintang expectations for increased military aid, the Nationalist Cabinet has resigned...
...exception to the Nationalist strategy of evacuation was Mukden (see map), site of the best arsenal in all China. Twice in the last fortnight Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek had flown north to confer with General Wei Li-huang, Mukden's commander, and stir him to a more active defense. As the garrison from starving Changchun hacked southward to join the Mukden forces, Wei's columns drove down to retake the port of Yingkow, reopening Mukden to direct sea supply. More of Wei's troops thrust west to relieve Chinhsien...
Open Door. Wei's force did not make it, and last week Chinhsien fell. It had been a key link in the Nationalist lifeline to Mukden and Changchun. From Chinhsien, supplied by rail from North China and by sea through the port of Hulutao, the Nationalists had flung an airbridge to Mukden. Chinhsien's fall left Mukden dependent for supplies on Yingkow (which freezes over in November), and after that on the long and hazardous airlift from Peiping and Tientsin...
...Eyed Dragon. To the south, Communist forces closed in for the kill on rich Taiyuan, capital of Shansi province. Like Mukden ,Taiyuan has an excellent arsenal. During the last Communist attack on Taiyuan some months ago, Nationalist airborne reinforcements came in to save the day. This time it looked as if the outnumbered 40,000-man garrison would have to fight it out alone...
Under the Willows. From Tiehling to Hsinmin it is two days, via Mukden, where, as refugees note, "faces are bitter and prices even higher than in Changchun." At Hsinmin the Nationalist lines end again. South of that rail city lies the most terrible san-pu-kuan stretch of all, the notorious Liu Ho Ko, or Willow River Ditch. This no man's land belongs to bandits who dress in yellow jackets and black pants, carry white knapsacks and oiled-paper umbrellas. They lie in wait along a willow-lined ditch, jump up with drawn revolvers, shout...