Word: muso
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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Latest result of the Calcutta conference has been Moscow-trained Muso Suparto's proclamation of an Indonesian "People's Republic" and his seizure of Madiun, Java's third city. Production of Indonesia's rubber, tin and oil and their distribution throughout the world was the basis of Holland's prewar prosperity. If the Communists succeed and choke off revival of this trade, it will take more than Marshall Plan aid to keep The Netherlands afloat...
...obscure Javanese schoolteacher, angry with his Dutch masters, joined a Marxist study group, became a Communist, got into a rebellion, and was clapped in jail. Almost at once he escaped and made his way to Moscow, where he stayed quietly for 23 years. Last August, Muso Suparto (now calling himself simply Muso) turned up in Java again. Thirty-eight days later he emerged at the head of a successful Communist rebellion...
...Muso and his men struck at Madiun, the republic's third largest city, in the heart of Java, straddling a major east-west rail link not far from Jogjakarta, the republic's capital. Supported by a mutinous brigade of the Republican army, they seized the key points in the city, set up a "People's Republic" and called for the immediate overthrow of President Soekarno's Republican government. "These arms," screamed the Communist radio from Madiun, "will not be silent until the whole of Indonesia is free!" President of the "People's Republic" turned...
...trying to carry out the Calcutta plan by stepping into a power vacuum created by the deadlock between the Dutch and the Indonesian Republic. Muso made his intent fairly clear. In a speech in Madiun ten days before seizing the city, he declared: "For three years our government has licked the boots of the Americans, with the result that the Americans are still supporting the Dutch . . . Up to this moment this policy continues. We have got to fight...
...Jogjakarta the Republican government denounced Muso and his men as "traitors," ordered the army to put down the rebellion. From Washington, Dutch Foreign Minister Dirk Stikker, who had been telling U.S. officials about the Communist threat in Indonesia, made a cagey offer of Dutch help: "We are ready to meet and support Premier Hatta if he is ready to make arrangements with the Dutch." To Indonesia's Premier Hatta it looked like a very big "if"; he said he would not tolerate any Dutch "meddling...