Word: muzhik
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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Common wisecrack of super-cynical Russian Bolsheviks is: Russki muzhik vsyo zuplatit-the Russian peasant will pay for everything. Last week it looked as if workers and peasants both were going to pay as the Kremlin cracked down on labor, banned all party, trade union and social meetings during the workday, frankly stated it meant to get less "chatter" and more work out of workers. Thus ended one more visible manifestation of Russian proletarianism...
...strike troubles (workers who strike have a way of disappearing the same night), but the Russian peasant is the Kremlin's chronic headache. His food is needed to feed the proletariat, his sons are needed for the Red Army. Even collective farms have failed to turn the mulish muzhik into a village Bolshevik. Wily as any Communist, the peasants long ago wrung from the Kremlin permission to till personal plots on collective farms, sell their produce in the open market...
...world, the speech was a big event-both because Stalin seldom sounds off on Russian and international affairs, and because the Congress was the first in five long years during which the repeatedly purged Communist Party has come to look as little like its former self as a muzhik who has shaved off his beard...
...admits further that the measures taken have broken up many collective farms and condemned the members to starvation. The purge of the peasants must end. Stalin orders, and by his order illuminates the lot of the poor muzhik under a gigantic trial-&-error system that, from his point of view, supported by periodic turnarounds in the Kremlin, seems to be mostly error...