Word: myopia
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Speaking at the Kennedy School Forum, Stigler said that as economists struggle to increase the efficiency and equity measures of public programs, institutions guilty of the "sin of myopia with respect to future needs" respond only to individual directives...
...Myopia has been associated with everything from pregnancy to tooth decay...
...muscles in the back of the eye which control its rotation--are tensed greatly, as in reading. The tension stretches and strains the sclera. Though such stretching is normally elastic, if it is both frequent and extreme enough the sclera does not return to its normal position and myopia develops. Second, the eye is least able to reduce strain near the point where the optic nerve enters the eye--Greene draws an analogy with the rivet holes in airplane wings, the weakest point of an airplane's body. This factor may explain why myopia is concentrated about the optic nerve...
...biomechanical model shows that myopia is both acquired and inherited. Excessive stress may explain how it is acquired, while location of the oblique muscles explains how it may be inherited. If someone is born with their oblique muscles attached near the optic nerve, they are more prone to myopia than most individuals...
...attachment of these muscles, dispersing the strain. McMahon and Greene also talk about prescribing prismatic eyeglasses, lenses which dupe the eyes into "thinking" they are focused on a distant point. These solutions remain speculative, but for the 30 to 40 per cent of all Americans who suffer from myopia, hope is in sight...