Word: nam
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...listless fighting of the Bao Dai forces has demonstrated that a guarantee of complete independence within a few years is the prerequisite to raising more troops. By undermining the appeal of the Communist anti-imperialist slogans, this promise would also weaken the Red clutch on crucial Northern Viet-Nam. Not only pride out conscience should compel the French to set up the goal of independence so the Indo-Chinese natives can the goal of independence so the Indo-Chinese natives can be taught to do for themselves what Europeans have been unable to do for them...
...means of raising new revenue. Among these is a 10 per cent tax of finished manufactured goods, suggested in 1950 by the National Association of Manufacturers. This would take the form of a uniform excise imposed on all end-products other than food, and would bring in, according to NAM estimates, approximately ten billion dollars a year. This is eight billions more than now collected under selective excise takes, and a significant portion of the budgetary deficit...
...NAM has denied that such a flat-rate excise "would shift tax burdens from the big fellow to the little fellow," since foodstuffs would be excepted. But while the levy would thus be slightly progressive, it would not be nearly so progressive as present income and luxury taxes. Further, this tax would almost certainly militate against the well-being of business itself. It is a regressive tax, falling on the lower and middle income groups, and by cutting the real incomes of these groups it may stifle an already saturated and competitive economy. When first proposed during the Korean...
...Viet Minh rebels. The U.S.'s quid for France's quo: a promise of $385 million in aid over the next year for the war in Indo-China. Under Dulles' pressure France also gave assurances of independence to the native states of Laos, Cambodia and Viet Nam. This meant that Indo-Chinese nationalists were no longer faced with a choice between Communism and colonialism. Result: new hope for winning the seven-year-old Indo-China war and stopping the Communist advance into Southeast Asia...
...biggest and most important of the Indo-Chinese states, Viet Nam, was not so easily calmed. Assured at last of independence from France once the Communist threat is erased, the Vietnamese were in no mood to see their independence fall prey to a still strong and unreformed Ho Chi Minh. "The only way to end the war," said Viet Nam's Premier Nguyen Van Tarn, "is to beat the Viet Minh militarily and disperse their armies . . . Negotiations would have the effect of giving the Viet Minh an enormous advantage over...