Word: nansen
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...portrait of the ocean floor. The record that served as a model was actually made on July 15, 1958 and shows part of the profile of the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean some 70 miles northeast of St. Thomas, Virgin Islands. Behind the graph paper is a yellow Nansen Bottle, used by oceanographers to take water samples, temperatures, and other deep-water measurements. The sailing ship is the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution's pioneer research vessel, the Atlantis...
Nautilus now headed directly toward the North Pole, the place that had drawn Nansen, Amundsen, Wilkins, Peary, now flown over by scheduled airlines but never yet reached by ship. Its speed was rapid, probably in excess of 20 knots. Its depth was below 400 ft. Its reactor was functioning perfectly. Its ship's inertial navigational system-an amazing complex of gyroscopes, accelerometers, depth finders, integrators, trackers, etc. (TIME, April 29, 1957) taken over in a rare salvage from the Air Force's defunct Navaho missile program-kept Nautilus on course and on depth, gave its captain instant readings...
...first severe refugee dislocation came when over a million people poured out of Russia following the Bolshevik revolution. The first World War added countless additional burdens, yet no large organized effort was made to case the situation until 1920 when the League of Nations appointed Dr. Fridtjof Nansen as High Commissioner for refugees. For ten years he was the driving force behind resettlement efforts...
...almost all these fields the Institute has been on new ground. It has developed new types of map projections to make the charting of the ocean more accurate; specialists have designed and redesigned the Nansen bottles--metal cases that close automatically at a specified depth trapping a sample of water that is later tested for salinity. Similar experiments with underwater cameras and offshore diving gear have led to a constant revision and improvement of equipment...
...have turned back to this "puddle" to seek in its depths some of the closest secrets of the earth.George A. HermannScientist (upper left) surveys small accurate scale currents formed in spinning parabaloid bowl as nozzle at right blows air into water. Workman (above) is shown adjusting a newly designed Nansen bottle for gathering selected samples of water from the depths. Observers (lower left) watch special experiment in bowl and (below) watch growing micro organisms in multicolored tanks...