Word: napoleonism
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Bonaparte in Egypt, by J. Christopher Herold. The vividly detailed saga of Napoleon's three years in Egypt and of the gradual erosion of both his army and his dream of Eastern empire...
...fairly conspicuous place in the history of 19th century French romantic art. But his most avid readers are usually unaware of his 450 drawings and watercolors, and even such biographers as Andre Maurois and Matthew Josephson scarcely mention this appealing side. Hugo's writings, his quarrel with Napoleon III, and his prodigious sex life have overshadowed his art. Yet last week, as the consequence of a show put up in his old Paris home (now a state museum) to mark the looth anniversary of the publication of Les Miserables, Parisians were belatedly discovering Hugo as an artist...
...Formed in squares six ranks deep, the French infantry coolly cut down the wildly charging Mameluke cavalry, despite the heroics of individual Mameluke warriors whose scimitars sliced through the barrels of French rifles as if they were straws. The Battle of the Pyramids was over in two hours, and Napoleon was presumably the master of all Egypt...
...French fortunes soon changed. One trouble was that Mameluke warriors were replaceable and French riflemen were not. After Nelson finally caught the French fleet at Abukir Bay and all but destroyed it in the Battle of the Nile, Napoleon's lines of supply and communication with Europe were virtually cut off. His army was steadily reduced by sieges of sickness (most notably, ophthalmia and bubonic plague), by Bedouin raids, and by the almost incessant warfare the French were forced to wage to keep their sprawling colony subdued. Some 27,000 Frenchmen died in Egypt, and after a time even...
Studies in Slime. If anything justified the expedition, Author Herold believes, it was the ten volumes of text and 14 volumes of plates that comprise Description de I'Egypte. That monument of collective scholarship was assembled by the 167-man Commission on the Sciences and Arts that Napoleon brought with him to establish a cultural institute in Alexandria. The assembled scientists interspersed papers like "Observations on the Wing of the Ostrich'' and "Analysis of the Slime of the Nile" with studies on capillary attraction, the treatment of smallpox and bubonic plague, the formation of ammonia...