Word: nasserism
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...most of the past decade, Gamal Abdel Nasser's one-man rule of Egypt has rested on a two-word slogan: "Arab socialism." Brandishing this vague concept, Nasser has expropriated private property, conducted political purges, ranted against other Arab states, and modestly improved the lot of impoverished fellahin (peasants). Last week Nasser spelled out in greater detail just what "Arab socialism" is supposed to mean...
Striding to the rostrum of Cairo University's Celebration Hall, Nasser faced 1,750 delegates attending the first session of the National Congress of Popular Forces, which will write a new charter for Egypt. Then the President smiled serenely, swung into a five-hour address that ended at midnight. Highlights: the country's long exploited fellahin should get political representation; nationalization of basic industries will continue; a vast social welfare program will aim at improving the lot of Egypt's downtrodden millions. "Social freedom." declared Nasser, repeating a favorite theme, "is the only door to political freedom...
...many issues, Nasser's program was marked by a new moderation. He pledged to permit private ownership of 100-acre farms and small businesses, disappointed Moscow by renouncing the class struggle because it leads to bloodshed. "Social experiences are capable of passing from one place to another," he said, "but cannot be blindly copied...
Then the soldiers began squabbling among themselves: the garrison at Aleppo briefly mutinied, demanding Syria's reunion with Nasser's Egypt; pro-Nasser mobs in Horns, Hama and Aleppo killed a score of army men; a handful of officers accused of political ambitions were shipped off to exile abroad. The army commander in chief. General Abdel Karim Zahreddin, tried vainly to put together a "government of technicians...
...broadcast an ultimatum ordering "all officers and soldiers of the Aleppo garrison" to be confined to barracks. A Russian-made jet of the Syrian air force dropped two bombs in a futile attempt to knock out the Aleppo transmitter. The announcer hysterically broadcast news of the attack and begged Nasser to send Egyptian paratroops to save the situation. But Cairo replied only that Nasser "heard with grief-stricken heart the report of air operations by the Syrian air force against the people and army of the northern region." Damascus radio blasted the Aleppo officers as "traitors" who were taking orders...