Word: nationalism
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...Pakistan, made up of squabbling ethnic groups with several distinct languages and cultures, has long used Islam to cement a national identity. Those who speak for religion wield enormous influence over a nuclear-armed nation of 165 million that is a key U.S. ally in the global war on terror. This has prompted a race to define the country's founding principles. That contest culminated in the streets of Islamabad last spring when the female madrasah students launched their vigilante campaign against CD shops and massage parlors. "The government point of view is that we challenged the writ...
...stand up? That's a question posed not just in Pakistan but across the Muslim world and indeed in the West. In Pakistan, the battle for the soul of Islam will determine the country's place in the world: whether it can take the lead as a modern Muslim nation, or whether it crumbles under the forces of extremism. This is Pakistan's holy war, and the first shot across the bow was the very idea that brought the country into being...
...Birth of a Nation As empires fell to the nation state in the early 20th century, Muhammad Iqbal, a Sufi poet and philosopher, saw an opportunity in the coming independence of India to put into practice his theories of modern Islamic governance. He proposed an Islamic nation carved from the Muslim-majority provinces of northwest and northeast India. "The movement for the formation of Pakistan was not based on religious extremism or emotionalism," says former Supreme Court judge Javid Iqbal, Iqbal's son. "It was to be a modern state, adhering to modern interpretations of Islam, particularly of Islamic laws...
...star of the show, and of the nation's past century, is the automobile industry. "Italy is known as the place where the most beautiful cars are made," says curator Patrizia Pietrogrande. "Ferrari and Alfa Romeo are representative of Italian elegance and style." Fittingly, then, a spectacular array of cars greets visitors as they arrive at the neoclassical Palazzo. Contemporary models include the Ferrari driven by Michael Schumacher when he clinched the company's fifth consecutive Formula One Championship in 2003, and the Ducati Desmosedici motorbike that bore Australian Casey Stoner to victory at the 2007 MotoGP World Championship...
...from Pakistan, Iran and Iraq." In January he made his first successful claim against a private collector, Shelby White, a trustee of the Met, who agreed to give back 10 items from the collection she had formed with her late husband. And Italy is by no means the only nation making demands. Egypt wants the bust of Nefertiti from the Egyptian Museum in Berlin. Peru says Yale must return artifacts from the Inca ruins of Machu Picchu. And China has asked the U.S. to ban the import of almost anything of aesthetic interest--scrolls, paintings, furniture--made from the prehistoric...