Word: nationalistic
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Because terrorists of this new breed are motivated mainly by religious fervor and are part of a global network, they are tough to take out. "Traditional" terrorist groups like the I.R.A. or the Basque group ETA have had distinct nationalist goals; their operatives have been recruited from a relatively small pool, defined by national allegiance, and have often been eventually wooed into mainstream politics. Al-Qaeda is different. On the very fringe of the Islamic world, within which its methods provoke widespread revulsion, its political goal, if it can be said to have one, is the creation of a global...
There are many possible answers, but few feel sufficient. Theologically, some Middle Eastern sheiks justify suicide bombings on the basis of Muslim medieval traditions, although most of their colleagues worldwide disagree. Politically, campaigns against Muslims in Bosnia, Albania, Chechnya and Israel create a nationalist desperation that can draw even secularists to pan-Islamic dreamer-schemers like bin Laden, especially when they can offer a checkbook and organizational savvy. Then there is globalization. When Islam stopped gaining territory in the Middle Ages, its thinkers developed mechanisms for coexisting with a permanent Western other. But to new theorists like bin Laden, globalization...
...Europe from the end of the 19th century to the end of World War II, reaching from France in the west, through Germany and Central Europe, to Poland, Russia, and Ukraine. Hannah Arendt identified antisemitism as the common denominator of fascism and communism, but it also inspired many nationalist parties, until Hitler channeled its energy to consolidate the Third Reich. The use of the Jews as a political target was symptomatic of a fear of democracy in all its aspectsindividual rights, a competitive economy, and the freedoms of an open society. Because antisemitism was directed against the Jews, it didnt...
...sizeable chunk of his persona?has been carefully airbrushed out of his public profile. Few realize that the effervescent election campaigner is in fact a loner, isolated from all but a tight-knit circle of longtime advisers; or that the New Age reformer is an old-fashioned nationalist at heart, influenced by some of the country's most extreme right-wing politicians; or that the man with the seemingly natural empathy for people is, in his private life, aloof and cold, prone to putting career before family. And only his closest friends realize that this consummate politician deeply despises Japanese...
...diametric opposite: geometric abstraction, drawn from a distinguished and systematic collection made by Patricia Phelps de Cisneros, who lives in Caracas, Venezuela, and is an ardent evangelist for South American abstract painters and sculptors. Cisneros has a severe and finely tuned eye, and her collection is remarkably free from nationalist bias. This is a very catholic collection. Of course, some of the artists in it, such as the Venezuelan Jesus Rafael Soto, 78, have exhibited quite often in the U.S. But most of them are not all that familiar, and the show makes a strong case that some of them...